Material Index

Hard data on the physical properties and machinability of common industrial alloys and polymers.

The baseline for machinability ratings is AISI 1212 cold-drawn steel, arbitrarily assigned a rating of 100%. Materials with ratings below 100% are harder to machine, while those above 100% are easier.

Material Grade Type Machinability Yield Strength (ksi) Hardness (Brinell)
Carbon & Alloy Steels
1018 Cold Drawn Low Carbon 78% 54 126
4140 Annealed Chromium-Moly 65% 60 197
Stainless Steels
304 Austenitic 45% 30 129
17-4 PH (Cond. A) Martensitic 40% 110 277
Aluminum Alloys
6061-T6 Wrought 270% 40 95
7075-T6 Aerospace 150% 73 150

Applying Machinability Ratings

A machinability rating is not just a relative difficulty score; it is a direct multiplier used to calculate starting surface speeds. If the baseline 1212 steel has a recommended cutting speed of 100 SFM with a specific tool, and 304 Stainless has a rating of 45%, your starting SFM for 304 Stainless with that same tool should be 45.